New Members Join the UN Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC), a cornerstone of international diplomacy, welcomes five new non-permanent members to its ranks for a two-year term. Starting January 1, 2025, Somalia, Greece, Denmark, Pakistan, and Panama have officially begun their tenure, taking over from Mozambique, Malta, Switzerland, Japan, and Ecuador, whose terms ended on December 31, 2024.  

Rotational Membership: A Key Feature of the Security Council  

The Security Council comprises 15 members: five permanent members (China, the United States, Russia, France, and the United Kingdom) and ten non-permanent members elected for two-year terms by the General Assembly. Each year, five new non-permanent members are elected, ensuring regular rotation and equitable regional representation.  

The five new members bring with them a wealth of experience, as all have previously served on the Council:  

• Somalia: One prior term.  
• Greece: Two prior terms.  
• Denmark: Four prior terms.  
• Panama: Five prior terms.  
• Pakistan: Seven prior terms.  

This history underscores their familiarity with the Council's mission and processes, equipping them to contribute effectively to its work.  

Responsibilities of the Security Council  

The UNSC is tasked with maintaining international peace and security, a mission that includes conflict resolution, peacekeeping operations, sanctions implementation, and the approval of new UN member states. While the five permanent members wield veto power, the ten non-permanent members play a critical role in shaping decisions, building consensus, and representing diverse regional perspectives.  

A Transition at a Critical Time  

The induction of these new members occurs against a backdrop of global challenges that demand concerted international efforts. Their contributions over the next two years will be vital as the Council addresses pressing issues such as conflict prevention, climate-related security risks, and the promotion of sustainable peace.  

As these countries take their seats at the table, their presence reflects the dynamic nature of international cooperation. The Security Council's rotating membership ensures a continuous infusion of fresh perspectives, reinforcing its role as a responsive and adaptive body in global governance.