Morocco's Citrus Sector Shows Resilience Amid Water Crisis, Projects 192,000-Ton Harvest

Morocco's citrus industry demonstrates remarkable adaptability as it forecasts a production of 192,300 tons for the 2024-2025 season in the Berkane province's Moulouya irrigated region, despite ongoing environmental challenges.

The projection, announced by Hafida El Aallam, head of agricultural production at the Regional Office of Agricultural Development of Moulouya (ORMVAM), highlights clementines as the dominant crop, comprising 60% of expected output. These premium fruits are primarily destined for European and Asian export markets, underlining Morocco's strong position in international trade.

Spanning over 130,000 hectares nationwide, Morocco's citrus orchards are concentrated in key regions including Souss-Massa, Gharb, and the Oriental. The sector generates more than 2.8 million workdays annually and represents 23% of the country's total plant production value, cementing its position as a cornerstone of Morocco's agricultural economy.

However, the industry faces significant environmental hurdles. The country has weathered nearly six years of severe drought, with rainfall dropping over 40% below historical averages. Dam water reserves have plummeted by 75%, while underground aquifers face unsustainable depletion rates. Despite these challenges, the current season offers promising signs of recovery, attributed to improved water availability at the start of the agricultural year.

Small fruits, particularly clementines, dominate the plantations, accounting for 65% of total citrus production. The sector's adoption of modern irrigation techniques and emphasis on quality maintenance have strengthened Morocco's competitive edge in global markets.

The industry's resilience reflects broader adaptation strategies to climate change. Investments in modern irrigation systems and drought-resistant crop varieties are paving the way for sustainable growth. Early seasonal rains have provided temporary relief in the Moulouya basin, enhancing current production and preparing orchards for the next flowering phase.

Agricultural experts remain cautiously optimistic about the sector's future. While acknowledging the persistent water crisis, they point to the industry's demonstrated ability to adapt and innovate. The combination of strategic planning, technological adoption, and market positioning suggests that Morocco's citrus sector can maintain its crucial economic role despite environmental challenges.

This season's projected output not only represents a significant economic opportunity but also highlights the sector's vital contribution to rural employment and export earnings. As Morocco continues to navigate climate-related challenges, the citrus industry stands as a testament to the country's agricultural resilience and adaptive capacity.