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Russia begins construction of Kazakhstan’s first nuclear power plant
Kazakhstan has officially launched preparatory work for its first nuclear power plant, with Russian state nuclear corporation Rosatom overseeing the initial phase. The Central Asian nation, the world's leading uranium producer, aims to tackle chronic power shortages despite its energy-rich status.
According to a joint statement from Rosatom and Kazakhstan’s National Nuclear Company, the first step involves geological surveys near the village of Ulken, on the shores of Lake Balkhash, the second largest lake in Central Asia. Engineers will drill approximately 50 exploration wells and analyze soil samples to determine the most suitable site.
"The launch of engineering studies is a critical step for ensuring the safety, reliability, and efficiency of the future plant," the statement read. The groundbreaking ceremony was held near the semi-abandoned Ulken village in the south of the country.
Kazakhstan approved the project following a referendum in late 2024. In June 2025, the government confirmed that it would partner with Russia for the construction. Meanwhile, China’s CNNC (China National Nuclear Corporation) is slated to build two additional nuclear power plants, with further details expected by the end of the year.
Despite interest from France and South Korea, Kazakhstan’s decision to work with Russia and China reflects the geopolitical influence of these regional powers. The country shares strong economic and strategic ties with both.
The nuclear issue remains sensitive in Kazakhstan due to the Soviet Union’s legacy of nuclear testing. Between 1949 and 1989, approximately 450 nuclear tests were conducted in the northeast of the country, affecting an estimated 1.5 million people.