Sudan Grapples with Deadly Cholera Outbreak Amid Ongoing Conflict and Floods

Sudan is currently facing a severe cholera outbreak that has claimed at least 22 lives and infected hundreds more, according to Health Minister Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim. This health crisis is unfolding against the backdrop of a 16-month-long conflict and devastating floods, further compounding the nation’s challenges.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports an even grimmer picture, with 78 cholera-related deaths recorded in Sudan as of July 28 this year. Over 2,400 individuals have been affected between January 1 and July 28, highlighting the rapid spread of this highly contagious infection.

Cholera, characterized by severe diarrhea that can lead to dehydration, can be fatal within hours if left untreated. The disease spreads through contaminated food or water, making it especially dangerous in areas with compromised infrastructure and poor sanitation.

This outbreak is the latest in a series of calamities to strike Sudan. Since April 2022, the country has been embroiled in a conflict that has turned urban areas, including the capital Khartoum, into battlegrounds. The fighting has devastated civilian infrastructure and crippled an already fragile healthcare system, forcing many hospitals and medical facilities to cease operations.

The ongoing strife has resulted in thousands of casualties and pushed many to the brink of starvation, with famine confirmed in a displaced persons camp in the northern Darfur region. According to the International Organization for Migration, the conflict has triggered the world’s largest displacement crisis, forcing over 10.7 million people from their homes, with more than 2 million seeking refuge in neighboring countries. Rights organizations and the United Nations have documented atrocities, including mass rape and ethnically motivated killings, which they assert amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Recent seasonal floods have exacerbated the nation’s woes, causing dozens of fatalities and destroying critical infrastructure across 12 of Sudan’s 18 provinces. The UN migration agency reports that approximately 118,000 people have been displaced due to these floods.

Cholera outbreaks are not unprecedented in Sudan. A major outbreak in 2017 resulted in at least 700 deaths and affected around 22,000 people in less than two months. WHO spokesman Tarik Jašarević noted that the current outbreak began in the eastern province of Kassala before spreading to nine localities in five provinces. He emphasized that most detected cases were unvaccinated, prompting the WHO to collaborate with Sudanese health authorities on implementing a vaccination campaign.

Amid these health and humanitarian crises, political tensions continue to simmer. Sudan’s military-controlled sovereign council has announced plans to send a government delegation to Cairo for discussions with American officials. This move comes as the U.S. increases pressure on the military to join ongoing peace talks in Switzerland aimed at resolving the conflict.

As Sudan contends with this multifaceted crisis, the international community watches closely, hoping for a resolution that can bring stability and much-needed relief to the beleaguered nation.