Kazakhstan’s digital transformation: From e-government pioneer to AI powerhouse

Kazakhstan has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past decade, evolving from a resource-driven economy into one of Central Asia’s leading digital innovators. With more than 92% of public services now available online and a growing focus on artificial intelligence (AI), the country is setting a new benchmark for digital transformation in the region.

A decade of digital progress

Launched in 2017, the "Digital Kazakhstan" strategy was the foundation of the nation’s technological leap. This initiative aimed to digitize government services, bridge the digital divide, and boost economic growth through technology. Today, more than 11 million citizens use the e-government portal and mobile app to access over 1,200 services, including passport applications and vehicle registrations.

Kazakhstan ranks among the top 10 globally for online public services and has climbed to 24th place on the UN’s E-Government Development Index, surpassing nations like Germany, China, and Australia. Broadband connectivity now extends to over 4,800 remote settlements, supported by 918 5G base stations and fiber-optic networks in more than 1,200 rural areas.

Revolutionizing public services and finance

Kazakhstan’s digital efforts have streamlined essential services across sectors. Healthcare records are fully digitized, sick leave is processed online, and parents can enroll children in schools without visiting offices. Digital ID systems facilitate efficient public administration, while apps like Europrotocol allow drivers to report accidents remotely.

The financial sector has also undergone a transformation. In 2018, only 25% of Kazakhstan’s population used online banking, but by 2024, the figure had surged to nearly 100%. Digital transactions now make up 89% of all financial activities, and the introduction of the Digital Tenge, a central bank digital currency (CBDC), promises financial inclusion even in offline scenarios.

AI at the forefront of innovation

Kazakhstan’s next step in digital transformation focuses on artificial intelligence. The government’s AI Development Concept (2024-2029) lays the groundwork for integrating AI into governance, industry, and education. Supporting this push is Central Asia’s most powerful supercomputer, unveiled in July 2025, designed to aid universities, startups, and private enterprises in advancing AI projects.

The Astana Hub, a national tech hub, has become a focal point for innovation, housing over 1,300 startups from 28 countries and generating $270 million in revenue in 2024. Complementing these efforts, the government has launched the Qazaqstan Venture Group, a $1 billion investment fund, to accelerate AI-focused projects.

Building talent for a digital future

Kazakhstan’s Tech Orda program aims to train 20,000 IT specialists by 2029, supported by 18 regional IT hubs. Initiatives like TECHNOWOMEN and Tech Girls are designed to increase women’s participation in the tech sector. Additionally, partnerships with global platforms such as Coursera have integrated online education into university programs, enabling tens of thousands of students to earn certifications in AI, data science, and business technology.

Economic impact and remaining challenges

The Digital Kazakhstan initiative has already delivered significant economic benefits, generating $2 billion in returns and creating 120,000 jobs in its first two years. Approximately 82% of public services have been automated, reducing costs and minimizing corruption risks. However, the adoption of advanced digital technologies among small and medium-sized enterprises remains low, and connectivity challenges persist in some remote areas.

A model for emerging economies

Kazakhstan’s rapid digital transformation offers valuable lessons for other developing nations. Early investment in digital infrastructure, a focus on talent development, and cross-government coordination have been key to its success. As the country continues to push its digital agenda, its ability to include the private sector and ensure equitable access to digital services will be critical to sustaining its momentum.

A redefined relationship

Kazakhstan’s digital journey is not just about technology—it is about reshaping the relationship between citizens, the state, and the economy. From urban tech hubs to rural villages, the country is building a connected future where digital tools empower people and drive growth. Whether Kazakhstan can maintain its leadership in the digital revolution depends on its ability to extend the benefits of transformation across its vast territory.